![]() A person with retrograde amnesia may not be able to recall ever riding a bike or swimming, but drop them in a swimming pool and they would not drown. When you first learned to walk, swim or ride a bike, the process was stored in your procedural memory and you can instinctively perform these activities without thinking. The other parts of memory not affected by retrograde amnesia are the procedural memories which are memories stored over time through repetition. For example, your knowledge of the solar system, gravity and objects around you is part of your semantic memory, otherwise, you wouldn’t recognize that you’re staring at a computer screen right now reading this text. This is concrete knowledge about facts and concepts that we learn along the way. Basically, episodic memory allows you to recall events in your past, like travelling back in time and re-living particular moments Semantic memory Which is the recollection of people, places and times along with the associated emotions. Explicit memory can be divided into 2 categories: Episodic memory Therefore, retrograde amnesia affects the explicit memory, also called the declarative memory, which is controlled by the hippocampus. (1)Īn individual suffering from retrograde amnesia may be unable to recall events in their past, but they are still capable of speech, as well as, performing other daily tasks such as walking, eating, etc. Retrograde amnesia renders someone unable to remember events that occurred before the onset of the amnesia, but the individual is capable of forming new memories without a problem. To learn more about errors in thinking, read Bias and Errors of Thinking.Amnesia, in general, is a loss of memory, while retrograde amnesia is just one form of amnesia. Defense mechanisms protect our self-concepts and attempt to minimize the anxiety we feel about a subject. Repression is one of the defense mechanisms in Freud's psychoanalytic theory. Motivated forgetting could be either conscious or unconscious in order to shy away from unacceptable behaviors or painful memories. This was studied by Elizabeth Lotus and led to therapists leading with the question: "What happened?" If a therapist were to ask something specific to the situation and assume something, false information may peep into the person's memory.įreud believed that we may purposely repress memories and forget them. After the event occurs, you might incorporate some inaccurate information about what occurred, influencing attitudes and behaviors. The misinformation effect states that a person’s recall of an event is negatively impacted and becomes less accurate due to information after the event. To illustrate, crime scene eyewitnesses often remember events and the characteristics of people incorrectly, even though they might have witnessed the crime and saw the perpetrator. You know how in movies, songwriters often unintentionally plagiarize and say they've never heard of the other source? This is source amnesia in action! Deja Vuĭeja vu is a false sense when you feel that you experienced a situation before. Source amnesia could also refer to not remembering where you heard about/imagined/experienced something. For example, some people won't remember if they heard a joke they made repeated back to them. Source amnesia, also called misattribution error, is the inability to remember how you learned previously acquired information. In an FRQ about these terms, be sure to mention brain illness or injuries. Retroactive interference is when it becomes harder to recall old information because of learning new information.Īn example of this is switching your password from Psych2020 to Psych#2021 and then not being able to recall your old password. Sometimes, you may forget something because another piece of information gets in the way! □ Retroactive Interference ✍️ Testing Effect-Quiz yourself rather than just reading the information on your test over and over again. □Overlearning-If you continue reviewing content after you already memorized it, you are less likely to forget it. □ Spacing Effect-Space out your learning rather than cramming. ![]() □Time Spent-The more time you spend time memorizing content, the less you forget / need to relearn. ![]() □ Rehearsal-The more you rehearse the information, the less you forget overtime. He is also the one that figured out the ways you can help improve your memory, which we sort of discussed a little in the previous topic. This curve shows that you forget about 75% of the information you learn in one day (without relearning/rehearsing). ![]()
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